礦山井下IT配電系統(tǒng)絕緣監(jiān)測的應(yīng)用

礦山井下it配電系統(tǒng)絕緣監(jiān)測的應(yīng)用
applicationofinsulationmonitoringofitdistributionsysteminmine
摘要：眾所周知，能源作為經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的重要引擎，堪稱是國民經(jīng)濟(jì)的命脈。采礦業(yè)一直是能源工業(yè)的重要支柱，我國的礦業(yè)生產(chǎn)主要來自井下開采，環(huán)境惡劣，就以煤礦為例，煤礦井下存在水、火、瓦斯、煤塵、**板五大自然災(zāi)害，加上生產(chǎn)環(huán)境復(fù)雜，易發(fā)生惡性事故。出于安全考慮，礦山井下低壓配電系統(tǒng)按規(guī)定采用的是it系統(tǒng)。it系統(tǒng)就是電源中性點(diǎn)不接地、用電設(shè)備外露可導(dǎo)電部分直接接地（pe線）的系統(tǒng)。it系統(tǒng)的特點(diǎn)是發(fā)生*①次接地故障時，接地故障電流僅為非故障相對地的電容電流，其值很小，外露導(dǎo)電部分對地電壓不**過50v，不需要立即切斷故障回路，因此可以保證供電的連續(xù)性。但此時非故障相對地電壓會升高1.732倍，對線路耐壓要求提升；同時一旦發(fā)生二次接地，則構(gòu)成危險的相間短路，所以須配置絕緣監(jiān)測裝置，以便在發(fā)生*①次接地時就要及時排除隱患。而對于以煤礦為典型代表的井下環(huán)境來說，在開采過程中，由于工作場所空間小、縱深長，加上空氣潮濕、多塵、巷道滴水和積水等諸多惡劣因素，很*引起電纜和電氣設(shè)備老化和絕緣電阻下降，從而導(dǎo)致井下設(shè)備、電纜經(jīng)常發(fā)生絕緣強(qiáng)度降低、單相漏電或單相接地故障，不及時處理就可能進(jìn)一步發(fā)展成相間短路。因此，井下作業(yè)人員比正常環(huán)境下較*遭受電擊的危險，而且還可能導(dǎo)致瓦斯、煤塵的爆炸。
顯而易見，對礦山井下it系統(tǒng)的實(shí)時絕緣監(jiān)測具有較重要的意義。
asweallknow,energyisanimportantengineofeconomicdevelopmentanditisalsothelifebloodofthenationaleconomy.theminingindustryhasalwaysbeentheimportantpillaroftheenergyindustry.china’sminingproductionmainlycomesfromundergroundwheretheenvironmentisharsh.forexample,therearefivenaturaldisasters:water,fire,gas,coaldust,andcoalseamroof.inaddition,theproductionenvironmentiscomplexandit’seasytocausethefatalaccidents.
forsafetyreasons,thelow-voltagepowerdistributionsysteminthemineadoptsanitsystem.itisasystemthatneutralisungroundedandconductivepartoftheloadisdirectlygrounded(peline).thefeaturesoftheitsystemisthatwhenthefirstgroundingfaultoccurs,thecurrentofgroundingfaultisverysmall,thevoltageofexposedconductiveparttogroundisbelow50v,itisunnecessarytocutoffthefaultcircuitimmediately,soitcanensurethecontinuityofpowersupply.butatthistime,thevoltageofnon-faultrelativetogroundwillincreaseby1.732times,andtherequirementforlinewithstandvoltagewillincrease.atthesametime,onceasecondarygroundingoccurs,itwillleadtoadangerousphase-to-phaseshort-circuit,soaninsulationmonitoringdeviceshouldbeinstalledwhichcanhelpeliminatehiddendangersintimewhenthefirstgroundingoccurs.forthecoalmineasthetypicalrepresentativeofundergroundenvironment,intheprocessofmining,duetolimitedspace,longindepth,humidair,dustiness,waterloggedroadway,andmanyotheradversefactors,itiseasytocausethecableinsulationresistanceandelectricequipmentaginganddecline,theundergroundequipmentandcablesoftensufferfrominsulationstrengthreduction,single-phaseleakageorsingle-phasegroundingfault,ifnothandledintime,itmayfurtherdevelopintophasetophaseshortcircuit.asaresult,undergroundworkersaremorevulnerabletoelectricshockthantheywouldbeinaregularenvironment,andmayalsocauseexplosionofgasandcoaldust.
obviously,ithasmoreimportantsignificanceforthereal-timeinsulationmonitoringofmineitsystem.
1.國內(nèi)外絕緣監(jiān)測儀在線監(jiān)測現(xiàn)狀
onlinemonitoringstatusofinsulationmonitorsathomeandabroad
我國的電氣設(shè)計(jì)在之初師從前蘇聯(lián)電氣規(guī)范，主要是廣泛的采用tn—c系統(tǒng)，它可以節(jié)省一根pe線，比較經(jīng)濟(jì)，但存在很多缺點(diǎn)，如中性線斷裂后設(shè)備外殼對地將帶220v危險接觸電壓，不能裝用rcd防電擊等等。**之后我國引進(jìn)了**電工學(xué)會標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，也隨著我國電氣技術(shù)的不斷提高，在應(yīng)用中tn-s、tt、it系統(tǒng)得到了一定程度的推廣和應(yīng)用，以it系統(tǒng)為例，在醫(yī)療it方面目前應(yīng)用比較成熟，但在很多工業(yè)場合，由于對接地系統(tǒng)的理解和應(yīng)用尚不盡深入和全方面，比如煤礦井下場合比較缺乏國產(chǎn)絕緣監(jiān)測裝置就是一個證明。目前礦用井下it系統(tǒng)的絕緣監(jiān)測裝置以進(jìn)口品牌為主，歐美等發(fā)達(dá)國家已經(jīng)較廣泛地在it配電網(wǎng)絡(luò)中應(yīng)用絕緣檢測技術(shù)，而且經(jīng)過長期的在線運(yùn)行使發(fā)達(dá)國家積累了大量監(jiān)測數(shù)據(jù)和經(jīng)驗(yàn)，這是目前國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)廠家需要學(xué)習(xí)和追趕的。
但采用進(jìn)口品牌絕緣監(jiān)測裝置造價昂貴，而且人機(jī)界面往往是英文，不利于現(xiàn)場人員的使用，在這種背景下，也不斷有國內(nèi)企業(yè)逐步推出了自己的工業(yè)用絕緣監(jiān)測裝置，其中就包括了安科瑞電氣有限公司的aim-t系列絕緣監(jiān)測儀。
atthebeginningofthefoundingofthepeople'srepublicofchina,china'selectricaldesignwasbasedontheformersovietunion'selectricalcode,mainlyusingtn-csystem.itcansaveapeline,whichismoreeconomical,buttherearemanydisadvantages,suchas,aftertheneutrallinebreaks,theequipmentshelltothegroundwillhaveadangerouscontactvoltageof220v,andrcdcannotbeinstalledtopreventelectricshock,etc.afterthereformandopeningup,chinahasintroducedthestandardsofiec,andwiththecontinuousimprovementofelectricaltechnologyinchina,tn-s,ttanditsystemshavebeenpromotedandappliedtoacertainextent.forexample,theapplicationinmedicalitisrelativelymatureatpresent,butinmanyindustrialoccasions,duetotheunderstandingandapplicationofgroundingsystemisnotthoroughandcomprehensive,forexample,thelackofdomesticinsulationmonitoringdeviceincoalmineisaproof.atpresent,theinsulationmonitoringdevicesofmineundergrounditsystemaremainlyimportedbrands.insulationdetectiontechnologyhavebeenwidelyusedinitdistributionnetworkindevelopedcountriessuchaseuropeandtheunitedstates.andtheyhaveaccumulatedalotofmonitoringdataandexperienceafteralong-termonlineoperation.thisiswhatdomesticmanufacturersneedtolearnandcatchupwith.
however,itisexpensivetouseimportedbrandinsulationmonitoringdevices,andthehuman-computerinterfaceisofteninenglish,whichisnotconducivetotheuseoffieldworkers.therearealsodomesticenterpriseswhichhavegraduallylaunchedtheirownindustrialinsulationmonitoringdevices,includingtheaim-tseriesinsulationmonitoringdevicesofacrel.
2安科瑞工業(yè)絕緣監(jiān)測儀
acrelindustrialinsulationmonitor
aim-t系列絕緣監(jiān)測儀主要應(yīng)用在工業(yè)場所it配電系統(tǒng)中，主要包括aim-t300、aim-t500和aimt500l三款產(chǎn)品，均適用于純交流、純直流以及交直流混合的系統(tǒng)。
其中aim-t300適用于450v以下的交流、直流以及交直流混合系統(tǒng)，aim-t500適用于800v以下的交流、直流以及交直流混合系。aim-t500l則是相比aim-t500增加了絕緣故障定位功能。
aim-tseriesinsulationmonitorismainlyusedinitpowerdistributionsystemofindustrialsite,includingaim-t300,aim-t500andaim-t500l,whichareallapplicabletopureac,puredcandac/dchybridsystems.
aim-t300issuitableforac,dcandac/dchybridsystemsbelow450v,andaim-t500issuitableforac,dcandac/dchybridsystemsbelow800v.aim-t500lhasthefunctionofinsulationfaultlocationcomparedwithaim-t500.
1）aim–t系列產(chǎn)品的技術(shù)參數(shù)如下表所示：
thetechnicalparametersofaim-tseriesproductsareshowninthetablebelow：
2）aim–t系列產(chǎn)品的典型應(yīng)用如下圖所示：
thetypicalapplicationofaim-tseriesproductsisshowninthefollowingfigure:
3小結(jié) summary
安科瑞aim-t系列工業(yè)用絕緣監(jiān)測儀目前已經(jīng)在礦井、紙業(yè)、船舶、冶金廠等的諸多工業(yè)場合的it系統(tǒng)中得到了應(yīng)用，能夠?qū)崟r監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)對地的絕緣狀況，在系統(tǒng)出現(xiàn)絕緣下降或接地故障時，及時報警提醒相關(guān)人員排查故障，在應(yīng)用中起到了很好的監(jiān)控和預(yù)防效果。
atpresent,acrelaim-tseriesindustrialinsulationmonitorhasbeenappliedintheitsystemofmanyindustrialoccasions,suchasmine,paperindustry,ship,metrgyplant,etc.itcanmonitortheinsulationconditionofthesystemtothegroundinrealtime.whenthesystemhasinsulationdroporgroundfault,itcanalarmandremindrelevantpersontocheckthefault,whichhasagoodmonitoringandprevention
江蘇安科瑞電器制造有限公司專注于餐飲油煙在線監(jiān)測系統(tǒng),油煙濃度在線監(jiān)控系統(tǒng),工業(yè)企業(yè)能源管理系統(tǒng),企業(yè)綜合能源管理系統(tǒng)等